QTP automation tool and preparation of QTP interview questions
Quick Test Professional: Interview Questions and answers.
1. What are the features and benefits of Quick Test Pro(QTP)?
1. Key word driven testing
2. Suitable for both client server and web based application
3. VB script as the script language
4. Better error handling mechanism
5. Excellent data driven testing features
2. How to handle the exceptions using recovery scenario manager in QTP?
You can instruct QTP to recover unexpected events or errors that
occurred in your testing environment during test run. Recovery scenario
manager provides a wizard that guides you through the defining recovery
scenario. Recovery scenario has three steps
1. Triggered Events
2. Recovery steps
3. Post Recovery Test-Run
3. What is the use of Text output value in QTP?
Output values enable to view the values that the application talks
during run time. When parameterized, the values change for each
iteration. Thus by creating output values, we can capture the values
that the application takes for each run and output them to the data
table.
4. How to use the Object spy in QTP 8.0 version?
There are two ways to Spy the objects in QTP
1) Thru file toolbar: In the File ToolBar click on the last toolbar button (an icon showing a person with hat).
2) Thru Object repository Dialog: In Objectrepository dialog click on
the button “object spy…” In the Object spy Dialog click on the button
showing hand symbol. The pointer now changes in to a hand symbol and we
have to point out the object to spy the state of the object. If at all
the object is not visible or window is minimized then hold the Ctrl
button and activate the required window to and release the Ctrl button.
5. What is the file extension of the code file and object repository file in QTP?
File extension of
Per test object rep: filename.mtr
Shared Object rep: filename.tsr
Code file extension id: script.mts
6. Explain the concept of object repository and how QTP recognizes objects?
Object Repository: displays a tree of all objects in
the current component or in the current action or entire test(
depending on the object repository mode you selected).
we can view or modify the test object description of any test object in the repository or to add new objects to the repository.
Quicktest learns the default property values and determines in which
test object class it fits. If it is not enough it adds assistive
properties, one by one to the description until it has compiled the
unique description. If no assistive properties are available, then it
adds a special Ordianl identifier such as objects location on the page
or in the source code.
7. What are the properties you would use for identifying a browser and page when using descriptive programming?
“name” would be another property apart from “title” that we can use. OR
We can also use the property “micClass”.
ex: Browser(“micClass:=browser”).page(“micClass:=page”)
8. What are the different scripting languages you could use when working with QTP?
You can write scripts using following languages:
Visual Basic (VB), XML, JavaScript, Java, HTML
9. Tell some commonly used Excel VBA functions.
Common functions are:
Coloring the cell, Auto fit cell, setting navigation from link in one cell to other saving
10. Explain the keyword createobject with an example.
Creates and returns a reference to an Automation object
syntax: CreateObject(servername.typename [, location])
Arguments
servername:Required. The name of the application providing the object.
typename : Required. The type or class of the object to create.
location : Optional. The name of the network server where the object is to be created.
11. Explain in brief about the QTP Automation Object Model.
Essentially all configuration and run functionality provided via the
QuickTest interface is in some way represented in the QuickTest
automation object model via objects, methods, and properties. Although a
one-on-one comparison cannot always be made, most dialog boxes in
QuickTest have a corresponding automation object, most options in dialog
boxes can be set and/or retrieved using the corresponding object
property, and most menu commands and other operations have corresponding
automation methods. You can use the objects, methods, and properties
exposed by the QuickTest automation object model, along with standard
programming elements such as loops and conditional statements to design
your program.
12. How to handle dynamic objects in QTP?
QTP has a unique feature called Smart Object
Identification/recognition. QTP generally identifies an object by
matching its test object and run time object properties. QTP may fail to
recognize the dynamic objects whose properties change during run time.
Hence it has an option of enabling Smart Identification, wherein it can
identify the objects even if their properties changes during run time.
Check out this:
If QuickTest is unable to find any object that matches the recorded
object description, or if it finds more than one object that fits the
description, then QuickTest ignores the recorded description, and uses
the Smart Identification mechanism to try to identify the object.
While the Smart Identification mechanism is more complex, it is more
flexible, and thus, if configured logically, a Smart Identification
definition can probably help QuickTest identify an object, if it is
present, even when the recorded description fails.
The Smart Identification mechanism uses two types of properties:
Base filter properties – The most fundamental properties of a particular
test object class; those whose values cannot be changed without
changing the essence of the original object. For example, if a Web
link’s tag was changed from to any other value, you could no longer call
it the same object. Optional filter properties – Other properties that
can help identify objects of a particular class as they are unlikely to
change on a regular basis, but which can be ignored if they are no
longer applicable.
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13. What is a Run-Time Data Table? Where can I find and view this table?
In QTP, there is data table used, which is used at runtime.
-In QTP, select the option View->Data table.
-This is basically an excel file, which is stored in the folder of the test created, its name is Default.xls by default.
14. How does Parameterization and Data-Driving relate to each other in QTP?
To data driven we have to parameterize. i.e. we have to make the
constant value as parameter, so that in each interaction(cycle) it takes
a value that is supplied in run-time data table. Through
parameterization only we can drive a transaction (action) with different
sets of data. You know running the script with the same set of data
several times is not suggested, and it’s also of no use.
15. What is the difference between Call to Action and Copy Action.?
Call to Action: The changes made in Call to Action, will be reflected
in the original action (from where the script is called). But where as
in Copy Action , the changes made in the script ,will not effect the
original script(Action)
16. Explain the concept of how QTP identifies object.
During recording qtp looks at the object and stores it as test
object. For each test object QT learns a set of default properties
called mandatory properties, and look at the rest of the objects to
check whether this properties are enough to uniquely identify the
object. During test run, QTP searches for the run time objects that
matches with the test object it learned while recording.
17. Differentiate the two Object Repository Types of QTP.
Object repository is used to store all the objects in the application being tested.
Types of object repository: Per action and shared repository.
In shared repository only one centralized repository for all the tests.
where as in per action for each test a separate per action repository is
created.
18. What the differences are and best practical application of Object Repository?
Per Action: For Each Action, one Object Repository is created.
Shared: One Object Repository is used by entire application
19. Explain what the difference between Shared Repository and Per Action Repository
Shared Repository: Entire application uses one Object Repository , that similar to Global GUI Map file in WinRunner
Per Action: For each Action, one Object Repository is created, like GUI map file per test in WinRunner
20. Have you ever written a compiled module? If yes tell me about some of the functions that you wrote.
Sample answer (You can tell about modules you worked on. If your
answer is Yes then You should expect more questions and should be able
to explain those modules in later questions): I Used the functions for
Capturing the dynamic data during runtime. Function used for Capturing
Desktop, browser and pages.
21. Can you do more than just capture and playback?
Sample answer (Say Yes only if you worked on): I have done
Dynamically capturing the objects during runtime in which no recording,
no playback and no use of repository is done AT ALL.
-It was done by the windows scripting using the DOM(Document Object Model) of the windows.
22. How to do the scripting. Are there any inbuilt functions
in QTP? What is the difference between them? How to handle script
issues?
Yes, there’s an in-built functionality called “Step Generator” in
Insert->Step->Step Generator -F7, which will generate the scripts
as you enter the appropriate steps.
23. What is the difference between check point and output value?
An output value is a value captured during the test run and entered in the run-time but to a specified location.
EX:-Location in Data Table[Global sheet / local sheet]
24. How many types of Actions are there in QTP?
There are three kinds of actions:
Non-reusable action – An action that can be called only in the test with which it is stored, and can be called only once.
Reusable action – An action that can be called multiple times by the
test with which it is stored (the local test) as well as by other tests.
External action – A reusable action stored with another test. External
actions are read-only in the calling test, but you can choose to use a
local, editable copy of the Data Table information for the external
action.
25. I want to open a Notepad window without recording a test
and I do not want to use System utility Run command as well. How do I do
this?
You can still make the notepad open without using the record or
System utility script, just by mentioning the path of the notepad “(
i.e. where the notepad.exe is stored in the system) in the “Windows
Applications Tab” of the “Record and Run Settings window.
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